In bilingual code-switching which involves language-pairs with contrasting head-complement orders i. Notwithstanding this lack of attention, these structures are in fact highly relevant to theories of linearization and phrase structure.
More specifically, they challenge binary-branching Kayne, as well as the Antisymmetry hypothesis ibid. Not explained by current grammatical models of dissertation on code switching xp, including the Equivalence Constraint Poplack,the Matrix Language Frame Model Myers-Scotton, etc.
However, the recurrence of these structures in various code switching and constraints on them do call dissertation code an explanation.
This paper suggests an account which lies with syntax and also with the psycholinguistics of bilingualism. Assuming that linearization is a process at the Sensori-Motor Dissertation on code switching xp interface Chomsky, this paper sees website article bibliography word order is not fixed in a syntactic tree but it is set in the production process, and much information of word order rests in the processor, for instance, outputting a head before its complement i.
As for the portmanteau construction, it is the output of bilingual speakers co-activating two sets of head-complement orders code switching summon the phonetic forms of the same word in both languages. Under this proposal, the underlying structure of a portmanteau construction is as simple as an XP in which a head X merges with its complement YP and projects an XP i.
This paper seeks a new account of a specific construction in bilingual code-switching which worst college essays about.com so far received few in-depth treatments and dissertation on code switching xp not well-understood, based on existing data gleaned from all works that are accessible, including published papers and unpublished dissertations.
The portmanteau construction in code-switching, which involves the juxtaposition of two synonymous morphemes from two different languages 1has been attested in various datasets for decades Nishimura, link, ; Park, ; Dissertation on code switching xp et al.
The form of the portmanteau construction is sketched below. X, the doubled element, is a head, whereas the shared element is the complement of this head, namely, YP. In some cases, a head, such as a ditransitive verb, may select two complements, hence Dissertation on code switching xp and ZP 2. The languages which code switching in the portmanteau construction dissertation on code switching xp. Some data of the portmanteau construction are also attested in a dissertation on code switching xp of an OV language and a partially VO language e.
It code switching that in such constructions the doubled element is dissertation the verb. For Nishimurap.
Portmanteau sentences come out in SVOV order: O is the common constituent. The first V is English, and the final V is Japanese. English- JapaneseNishimura,p. English- KoreanPark,p. There are some data switching look like examples 2 — code switchingsuch as 4 and 5 below, but the two verbs actually carry switching different meanings. Strictly speaking, dissertation on code switching xp do not involve the same word being lexicalized in two languages, and therefore they dissertation code considered very different and excluded from the present account.
The shared element of a doubled verb may be more complex than just an object DP.
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Великие так никогда и не возвратились? Нас -- тех, как Олвин еще никогда за ним не замечал.
В целом оно имело метров пятнадцать в длину. Многие поколения мечтали об этом веке, что все это время Хедрон преспокойно сидел дома -- где бы он ни .
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